定语从句关系词的作用（定语从句关系词的作用表格）

本文目录一览：

• 1、定语从句中关系词用法
• 2、定语从句中的关系词在从句中作什么成分？
• 3、怎样用定语从句中的关系词
• 4、定语从句的定义，关系词及关系词用法，3Q
• 5、定语从句中的连接词有什么作用?
• 6、定语从句中的关系词的作用里面有个成分作用，怎么理解

定语从句中关系词用法

1、who, whom, that

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是想见你定语从句关系词的作用的人吗定语从句关系词的作用？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见定语从句关系词的作用的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2、Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如定语从句关系词的作用：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3、which, that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在从句中作宾语）

扩展资料：

有六种情况只可用that

1、不定代词 anything, nothing, everything,all,much,few,any,little为先行词时；

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

最终，小偷偷的所有东西全部交给了警察。

2、先行词为 the only, the very, the just时；

He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water.

他从水中救起了那个女孩。

3、先行词为序数词、数词、形容词或最高级时；

The first English book that I read was "The Prince and the Pauper" by Mark Twain.

我读的第一本书是马克·吐温写的《王子与贫儿》。

4、先行词既有人又有物时；

He talked about the teachers and school that he visited.

他在讲他以前访问过的学校和老师。

5、当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that；

Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

那个站在门口的人是谁？

6、关系代词作表语时；

He is not the man that he used to be. 他以前不是这样的人。

不能用that的情况

1、介词前置时；

2、非限定性定语从句中

3、先行词本身是that

多用who，不用that的情况

1、先行词为anyone，one，ones时；

2、先行词为those，he和people时。

定语从句中的关系词在从句中作什么成分？

关系代词在从句中做主语或宾语，总之少了它从句是不成立的

关系副词一般在从句中做状语一类的，比如说when where分别在从句中做时间状语和地点状语，去掉它从句也是可以成立的

所谓句子成立与否，关键是英语的两种基本句型

1，主语+谓语+宾语

2. 主语+系语+表语

只要句子里成分不缺就为成立，否则就不能成为句子

关系副词例子

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

再给你附几道例题

1．Is this museum ________ you visited a few days ago?

A．where B．that

C．on which D．the one

2．Is this the museum ________ the exhibition was held?

A．where B．that

C．on which D．the one

答案：例1 D；例2 A

例1变为肯定句：This museum is ________ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句：This is the museum _________ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既作了主句的表语，又可作从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

在句2中，主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分缺句子的状语，表地点，既可用副词where，又因in the museum词组可用介词in＋which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）。

怎样用定语从句中的关系词

定语从句中that, which, what定语从句关系词的作用的区别

定语从句的连接词不可以用what．

一.定语从句及相关术语

1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等定语从句关系词的作用；

关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。

二.关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.

(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.

4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导

(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.

(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.

(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.

(5) We”ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.

(6) We”ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.

注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等

(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)

(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)

2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose

(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)

(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)

(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T)

(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)

3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词

(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.

(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

四．关系副词引导的定语从句

1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语

(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

(2) The time when we got together finally came.

2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语

(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.

(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语

(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

(2) I don”t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.

注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换

(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,

(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.

(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which/where I was born.

五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句举例：

(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.

(2) China is a country which has a long history.

非限制性定语从句举例：

(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.

(2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.

要注意区分以下几个句子的不同

(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.

他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）

(2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.

他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥）

难点分析

（一）限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况

1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时

(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?

(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.

(3) All that can be done has been done.

(4) There is little that I can do for you.

注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won”t do such a thing.

2. 当先行词被序数词修饰

(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.

3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时

(1) This is the best film that I have seen.

4. 当形容词被the very, the only修饰时

(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,

(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.

当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who

(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/

5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时

(1) Who is the man that is standing there?

(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时

(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句

as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：

1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。

(1) He married her, as/which was natural.

(2) He was honest, as/which we can see.

2. as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思

(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.

(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.

(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.

(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don”t believe.

注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which

(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.

3. 当先行次受such, the same修饰时，常用as

(1) I have never heard such a story as he tells.

(2) He is not such a fool as he looks.

(3) This is the same book as I lost last week.

注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as 所引导的定语从句意思不同

(4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary”s wedding.

她穿着她在Mary婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。

(5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.

她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。

（三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，而且通常可以省略。

(1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising.

(四) but 有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句

(1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don”t )

(五)区分定语从句和同位语从句

1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系

(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句

(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位于从句

2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分

(1) The news he told me is true.

(2) The news that he has just died is true.

(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语

(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.

3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以

(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.

(2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.

(3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all. 同位语

(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth.

*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which，as 。

关系副词有：when, where, why ,how 。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。

定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

1 、关系代词引导的定语从句

1）who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换),

例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

3)which, that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语)

关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：

1）不用that的情况

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时

(错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

c)多用who 的情况

①关系代词在从句中做主语

A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend .

②先行词为those , people 时

Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth .

③先行词为all, anyone , ones , one 指人时

One who doesn’t work hard will never succeed in his work .

④在There be句型中

There is a stranger who wants to see you .

⑤在被分隔的定语从句中

A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German .

⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中，其一用who,其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时，后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。

The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard .

There is a teacher who is always ready to help others and who enjoys what he does .

2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

b) 先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时，只用that。

He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water .

c) 先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.

The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twin .

d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。

He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited .

e)当主句是以who 或which 开始的特殊疑问句时，用that 以避免重复。

Who is the person that is standing at the gate .

f)关系代词在从句中做表语

He is not the man that he used to be .

2 、关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点、方式或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1)when, where, why，how

关系副词when, where, why,how的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：

There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?

I’m surprised the way how (by which) he works out the problem .

注意：

①在非限制性定语从句中，"介词+ which"结构不能代替关系副词。

如：They set up a state for their own , where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves .

②含有介词短语的动词一般不能拆开，介词仍放在动词后面。

Is this the book which (that) she was looking for ?

3、名词/数词/代词 /形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句

She has written a book , the name of which I have forgotten .

There are fifty-five students in our class , all of whom are working hard .

There are five continents in the world , the largest of which is Asia .

4、 as, which 引导非限定性定语从句的差别：

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'的意思。

As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

用法区别：

(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

As we all know , he never smokes .

(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。

(3)非限定性定语从句中出现expect , think , suppose 等表示猜测、想象、预料等时。

She succeeded in her doing the research work , as we expected .

(4)As 的用法 the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。

I should like to use the same tool as is used here .

We should have such a dictionary as he is using .

定语从句的定义，关系词及关系词用法，3Q

定语从句（Attributive

Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系词

引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词

，

关系词有关系代词和关系副词

。

关系代词

有that,

which,

who,

whom,

whose,

as等，绝对没有

what

；关

系副词

有where,

when,

why,how等。关系词常有3个作用：

①连接作用，引导定语从句

。

②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句

。

③在定语从句中充当一句子成分

。

注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。

定语从句中的连接词有什么作用?

定语从句中定语从句关系词的作用的连接词有三个作用：连接作用定语从句关系词的作用；替代作用；成分作用。例如：This

is

the

most

expensive

hotel

that

I

have

syayed

in.

在该句中定语从句关系词的作用，that

I

have

syayed

in是修饰hotel的定语从句，that

起引导定语从句，替代先行词hotel和在从句中作in的宾语的作用。

定语从句中的关系词的作用里面有个成分作用，怎么理解

所谓定语从句就是说这句话是为修饰某个词（通常是名词或代词）从句，这个词我们给它的名称是先行词，然后只要分析出这个先行词在句子中作什么成份那么前面需要加的关系代词或副词就是什么成分，由于每个关系代词或副词指代的成分不同，所以你必须先知道先行词是什么成分，才能判断该填什么的，关于成分，就是这样的。